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An
appraisal is a third-party estimate of the value of a piece of property
at a particular point in time. It can affirm your offer price or block
your transaction entirely. Understand how real estate appraisals and
appraisers work so you can solve any problems that come up.
All appraisals must conform to guidelines set by the Federal Reserve,
but every appraisal is ultimately a subjective analysis of a property's
current market value. True market value can be difficult to ascertain
in markets where prices are volatile and properties vary widely. To
determine current market value, an appraiser will compare the price
of your home with that of at least three comparable homes that are
in the area and have sold within the past six months, then adjust
for differences in the properties. An appraiser will physically measure
and inspect the home (which doesn't qualify as a home inspection)
to compare, and may also take photographs to include in the report
with floor plans and a site map.
Potential Problems
Inexperienced appraisers with a lack of training can result in appraisal
problems. Appraisers are certified by the individual states under
federal guidelines, but only half the states require actual licenses.
Most states do, however, require appraisers to pass a written examination
and have 75 hours of continuing education and 2,000 hours of direct
experience through an apprenticeship. Most appraisers also have to
abide by professional and ethical standards set by industry organizations.
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